Historian+18

The Harlem Renaissance was a time of cultural renewal among African Americans, concurrent with the Jazz Aged during the 1920s. The Harlem Renaissence was shaped by The Great Migration. Seeking jobs and a better way of life than that offered in the economically stagnant south, African Americans began moving to northern cities during the early 20th century. Migration to urban centers and an increase in jazz clubs and black publishing ventures were occurring in the Caribbean and Europe as well. Harlem Renaissance refers to an era of written and artistic creativity among African-Americans that occurred after World War I and lasted until the middle of the 1930s Depression.
 * __The Harlem Renaissance__**

The Harlem Community was shaped by most of the African Americans moving to northern cities after the American Civil war ended in 1865, looking for safe place to explore there new identities as free men and woman. They found it in Harlem. The end of the American civil war in 1865 ushered in an era of increased education and employment opportunities for black Americans. That created the first black middle class in America, and its members began expecting the same lifestyle offorded to the white Americans.
 * __Harlem Community__**

Full name: William Edward Burghardt Du Bois He was an American sociologist, the most important black protest leader in the United States during the first half of the 20th century. Graduated from Fish University, a black institution in Nashville, Tennessee. He received a Ph.D from Harvard University in 1895. His book "The suppression of the African slave - trade to the United States of America 1638-1870" was published in 1896. He toke an advanced degree in history. He is the founder and editor of The Crisis. He was also broadly trained in the social sciences, during the time the sociologists were theorizing about race relations, he was conducting empirical inquiries into the condition of blacks. For more than a decade he devoted himself to sociological investigations of blacks in America, producing 16 research monographs published between 1897 and 1914 at Atlanta Georgia University, where he was a professor.
 * __W.E.B. Du Bois__**

__**Booker T. Washington**__ Full name: Booker Taliaferro Washington He was aneducator and reformer, first president and principal developer of Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute (now Tuskegee University), and the most influential spokesman for black Americans between 1895 and 1915. He was born in a slave hut, but, his family moved to Malden, W.Va. At the age of nine he got a job working for in a salt furnace and later in a coal mine. Determined to get an education, he enrolled at the Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute in Virginia in 1872, working as a janitor to help pay expenses. He graduated in 1875 and returned to Malden, where for two years he taught children in a day school and adults at night. Following studies at Wayland Seminary, Washington, D.C. In 1878–79 he joined the staff of Hampton. In 1881 Washington was selected to head a newly established normal school for blacks at Tuskegee, an institution with two small, converted buildings, no equipment, and very little money. Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute became a monument to his life's work. At his death 34 years later, it had more than 100 well-equipped buildings, some 1,500 students, a faculty of nearly 200 teaching 38 trades and professions, and an endowment of approximately $2,000,000.

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